Sains Malaysiana 53(11)(2024): 3617-3628

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5311-06

Mitigasi Nigella sativa dan Moringa oleifera terhadap Fragmentasi DNA Sperma melalui Aktiviti Antioksidan pada Tikus Aruhan-Obesiti

(Mitigation of Nigella sativa and Moringa oleifera against Sperm DNA Fragmentation through Antioxidant Activity in Obesity-Induced Rats)

IMAN EMIR MOHAMAD ARRIF EMIR & MAHANEM MAT NOOR*

Jabatan Sains Biologi dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 30 April 2024/Diterima: 12 Ogos 2024

Abstrak

Obesiti telah menjadi kebimbangan kesihatan global dan kesannya terhadap kesihatan reproduktif terutamanya pada lelaki telah mendapat perhatian. Kajian ini menggunakan tikus jantan aruhan-obesiti sebagai haiwan model untuk mengkaji potensi terapeutik Nigella sativa (NS) dan Moringa oleifera (MO) dalam menangani isu ketidaksuburan berkaitan dengan obesiti. Kajian ini memberi tumpuan kepada sifat antioksidan N. sativa dan M. oleifera dan potensinya untuk mengurangkan tekanan oksidatif dan fragmentasi DNA sperma dengan kedua-duanya menjadi punca utama kepada masalah ketidaksuburan jantan yang disebabkan oleh obesiti. Kajian ini menggunakan 36 ekor tikus jantan Sprague Dawley yang dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan utama, iaitu kumpulan kawalan dan kumpulan rawatan yang setiapnya terdiri daripada enam ekor tikus. Kumpulan kawalan dibahagikan pula kepada tiga subkumpulan iaitu kumpulan normal, negatif (tikus teraruh obesiti tanpa rawatan) dan positif (tikus teraruh obesiti yang diberi 10 mg/kg/hari orlistat). Kumpulan rawatan dibahagikan kepada tiga subkumpulan iaitu kumpulan NS200 (200 mg/kg/hari), MO400 (400 mg/kg/hari) dan MO400+NS200 (MO (400 mg/kg/hari) + NS (200 mg/kg/hari)) selama 40 hari tempoh rawatan. Semua tikus kajian kecuali kumpulan normal teraruh obesiti dengan diberi diet tinggi lemak (HFD) sehingga mencapai nilai indeks Lee melebihi 310 sebelum diberi rawatan. Keputusan menunjukkan peningkatan aktiviti khusus enzim SOD yang signifikan (p<0.05), pengurangan signifikan dalam penanda tekanan oksidatif (MDA) (p<0.05) dan pengurangan peratusan fragmentasi DNA sperma yang signifikan (p<0.05) pada tikus yang masing-masing dirawat dengan herba NS, MO dan MO+NS berbanding dengan tikus kawalan negatif. Keputusan ini memberikan maklumat penting tentang mekanisme tindakan antioksidan herba NS dan MO yang berupaya memberi kesan perlindungan terhadap kesihatan reproduktif jantan dalam konteks obesiti.

Kata kunci: Fragmentasi DNA sperma; Moringa oleifera; Nigella sativa; obesiti, tekanan oksidatif

Abstract

Obesity has become a global health concern and its impact on reproductive health, especially in men gaining attention. This study used obese-induced male rats as an animal model to investigate the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa (NS) and Moringa oleifera (MO) in addressing infertility issues related to obesity. The study focused on the antioxidant properties of N. sativa and M. oleifera and their potential to reduce oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation, both of which are major causes of male infertility associated with obesity. The study utilized 36 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into two main groups, namely the control group and the treatment group, each consisting of six rats. The control group was further divided into three subgroups: normal, negative (obese-induced rats without treatment), and positive (obese-induced rats given 10 mg/kg/day orlistat). The treatment group was divided into three subgroups: NS200 group (200 mg/kg/day), MO400 group (400 mg/kg/day), and MO400+NS200 (MO (400 mg/kg/day) + NS (200 mg/kg/day)) group for a treatment period of 40 days. All rats, except those in the normal group, were induced into obesity through a high-fat diet (HFD) until their Lee index exceeded 310, before treatment. The results showed a significant increase in specific SOD enzyme activity (p<0.05), a significant reduction in oxidative stress marker (MDA) (p<0.05), and a significant reduction in sperm DNA fragmentation percentage (%SDF) (p<0.05) in rats treated with NS, MO, and MO+NS herbs respectively compared to the negative control rats. These findings provide important information on the antioxidant mechanisms of NS and MO herbs that are capable of providing protective effects on male reproductive health in the context of obesity.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera; Nigella sativa; obesity; oxidative stress; sperm DNA fragmentation

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mahanem@ukm.edu.my